Present Tense Simple
1. FORMATION:
Affirmative Sentences:
I/You/We/They + base form of the verb (e.g., "I play tennis.")
He/She/It + base form of the verb + "s" or "es" (e.g., "He plays tennis.")
Negative Sentences:
I/You/We/They + do not (don't) + base form of the verb (e.g., "I don't play tennis.")
He/She/It + does not (doesn't) + base form of the verb (e.g., "He doesn't play tennis.")
Questions:
Do + I/You/We/They + base form of the verb? (e.g., "Do you play tennis?")
Does + He/She/It + base form of the verb? (e.g., "Does he play tennis?")
2. USES:
Habits or Routines: Actions that are repeated regularly.
"I go to the gym every day."
"She brushes her teeth twice a day."
"They take the bus to work."
General Truths or Facts: Statements that are always true.
"Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius."
"The Earth revolves around the Sun."
"Birds have feathers."
Feelings, Thoughts, and States of Being: Non-action verbs to express feelings, thoughts, and states.
"I love pizza."
"He believes in ghosts."
"We own a house in the countryside."
Scheduled Events: Future events that are scheduled or fixed by a timetable.
"The train leaves at 8 PM."
"The meeting starts at 10 AM."
"The concert begins tomorrow night."
Instructions or Directions: To give a series of instructions or directions.
"First, you take the dough out of the fridge."
"Then, you roll it out on a floured surface."
"Finally, you put it in the oven."
Narrating a Story or Event: Sometimes used in spoken English to make a story or event more immediate and interesting.
"So, I walk into the room, and I see this guy standing there."
"Suddenly, she screams and everyone turns to look."
Scientific Explanations: To explain a process or phenomenon.
"Light travels faster than sound."
"Photosynthesis occurs when plants take in sunlight."
With 'If' or 'When' in Conditional Sentences: To talk about things that will happen in the future as the result of something else.
"If it rains, we will stay at home."
"When I finish work, I will call you."
Exercises
1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in parentheses:
I ________ (play) soccer every weekend.
She ________ (not like) to eat spicy food.
________ they (live) in London?
He ________ (study) French at the university.
We ________ (not watch) TV in the mornings.
________ you (know) how to play the piano?
The train ________ (leave) at 9 PM.
They ________ (not go) to the gym on Sundays.
________ she (work) in a bank?
I ________ (not have) a pet.
2. Change the following sentences into negative:
She plays the guitar.
I live in New York.
They go to the park every day.
He likes to read books.
We watch movies on weekends.
3. Change the following sentences into interrogative:
She works in a hospital.
I play basketball.
They have a big house.
He knows the answer.
We study English.
(Correct answers to be found after Extra Examples)
Extra Examples
1. Habits or Routines:
I drink coffee every morning.
She reads the newspaper daily.
They walk their dog in the park every evening.
He exercises at the gym three times a week.
We eat dinner together as a family every night.
I brush my teeth twice a day.
She takes a nap in the afternoon.
They go to church every Sunday.
He watches the news every evening.
We study English every day.
I check my emails first thing in the morning.
She washes her car every weekend.
They visit their grandparents every month.
He waters the plants every other day.
We take a walk after dinner.
I meditate before going to bed.
She practices piano every day.
They swim in the pool every summer.
He cleans his room every week.
We cook breakfast together on weekends.
2. General Truths or Facts:
The sun sets in the west.
Water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius.
Humans need oxygen to survive.
Fish live in water.
The moon orbits the Earth.
Plants need sunlight to grow.
Dogs are mammals.
Gravity pulls objects towards the Earth.
The Earth has one moon.
Light travels faster than sound.
Diamonds are the hardest natural substance.
The Nile is the longest river in the world.
The speed of light is constant.
Birds lay eggs.
The universe is expanding.
The Pacific is the largest ocean.
Sound cannot travel through a vacuum.
The human body is made up of about 60% water.
The Earth's core is very hot.
A year has 365 days.
3. Feelings, Thoughts, and States of Being:
I like chocolate.
She loves to read books.
They enjoy playing soccer.
He hates doing laundry.
We prefer tea over coffee.
I think this movie is interesting.
She believes in karma.
They know the answer.
He understands the problem.
We remember the good times.
I feel happy today.
She seems tired.
They own a beautiful house.
He appears confused.
We agree with your point.
I desire success.
She fears spiders.
They hope for the best.
He doubts the truth of the story.
We appreciate your help.
4. Scheduled Events:
The bus arrives at 7 AM.
The store opens at 9 AM.
The movie starts at 8 PM.
The plane lands at 10 PM.
The meeting begins at 11 AM.
The concert ends at midnight.
The train departs at 6 PM.
The school closes at 3 PM.
The festival starts next week.
The match finishes at 5 PM.
The museum opens on Mondays.
The webinar starts at 2 PM.
The shop closes at 9 PM.
The exam begins in May.
The conference takes place next month.
The parade starts at noon.
The class ends at 4 PM.
The fair opens this weekend.
The play begins at 7:30 PM.
The flight departs tomorrow morning.
5. Instructions or Directions:
First, you preheat the oven to 350 degrees.
Then, you mix the flour and sugar in a bowl.
After that, you add the eggs and stir well.
Finally, you bake the mixture for 30 minutes.
To get to the library, you turn right at the next intersection.
Then, you walk straight for two blocks.
The library is on your left.
To reset the device, you first turn it off.
Then, you hold the power and volume buttons together for 10 seconds.
Finally, you release the buttons when the logo appears.
To make a call, you first unlock your phone.
Then, you tap on the phone icon.
Next, you dial the number you want to call.
Finally, you press the green button to start the call.
To save a document, you first click on 'File'.
Then, you select 'Save As'.
Next, you choose the location where you want to save the file.
Finally, you click on 'Save'.
To make a cup of tea, you first boil water.
Then, you add a tea bag to a cup and pour the hot water over it.
6. Narrating a Story or Event:
So, I walk into the room, and I see this strange man.
Suddenly, he turns around and starts talking to me.
Then, out of nowhere, the lights go out.
I hear a loud noise and then everything is quiet.
She enters the stage and the crowd goes wild.
He picks up the guitar and starts playing a familiar tune.
The sun sets and the sky turns a beautiful shade of orange.
She opens the door and there stands her long-lost brother.
The phone rings and I know it's him.
He looks at me and I feel a chill run down my spine.
I open the book and the pages smell like old libraries.
She looks at the painting and it seems to come alive.
The wind blows and the trees sway in response.
He steps on the stage and the spotlight hits him.
She opens the letter and her hands shake with anticipation.
The music starts and everyone begins to dance.
He whistles and the dog comes running.
The bell rings and the children rush out of the school.
She waves and the crowd waves back.
The clock strikes twelve and the new year begins.
7. Scientific Explanations:
The heart pumps blood throughout the body.
Plants convert carbon dioxide into oxygen during photosynthesis.
The Earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours.
The moon influences the Earth's tides.
Energy equals mass times the speed of light squared (E=mc^2).
Light behaves both as a particle and a wave.
The human body maintains a constant temperature of around 37 degrees Celsius.
Sound waves travel faster through solids than through gases.
The universe consists of matter and energy.
The process of evolution shapes the diversity of life on Earth.
The boiling point of water decreases with altitude.
The speed of sound is approximately 343 meters per second in air at room temperature.
The Earth's magnetic field protects us from harmful solar radiation.
The process of digestion breaks down food into nutrients that the body can use.
The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
The force of gravity decreases with distance.
The ozone layer absorbs most of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet radiation.
The human brain processes information through a network of neurons.
The process of photosynthesis requires sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide.
The speed of light is approximately 299,792 kilometers per second.
8. With 'If' or 'When' in Conditional Sentences:
If it rains, we will stay indoors.
When the cake is done, take it out of the oven.
If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
When I finish work, I will call you.
If you heat ice, it melts.
When the sun sets, it gets dark.
If you mix blue and yellow, you get green.
When the alarm rings, wake me up.
If you don't water the plants, they will die.
When the movie ends, we will discuss it.
If you don't eat healthy, you might get sick.
When the light turns green, start walking.
If you save money, you can buy a new car.
When the bell rings, the class is over.
If you don't wear a coat, you will get cold.
When the concert starts, turn off your phones.
If you practice regularly, you will improve.
When the timer goes off, remove the cookies from the oven.
If you don't understand, ask for help.
When the song finishes, clap your hands.
Negative Sentences:
I don't like spicy food.
She doesn't go to the gym on Sundays.
We don't live in New York.
He doesn't play the piano.
They don't have a pet.
I don't watch TV in the mornings.
She doesn't drink coffee after 6 PM.
We don't travel during the winter.
He doesn't read newspapers.
They don't eat meat on Fridays.
Interrogative Sentences:
Do you like jazz music?
Does she work on weekends?
Do we have a meeting today?
Does he know how to swim?
Do they live in Canada?
Do you study French at school?
Does she play the guitar?
Do we need to bring anything for the party?
Does he cook his meals?
Do they go to the same school as you?
Correct Answers
1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in parentheses:
I play soccer every weekend.
She doesn't like to eat spicy food.
Do they live in London?
He studies French at the university.
We don't watch TV in the mornings.
Do you know how to play the piano?
The train leaves at 9 PM.
They don't go to the gym on Sundays.
Does she work in a bank?
I don't have a pet.
2. Change the following sentences into negative:
She doesn't play the guitar.
I don't live in New York.
They don't go to the park every day.
He doesn't like to read books.
We don't watch movies on weekends.
3. Change the following sentences into interrogative:
Does she work in a hospital?
Do I play basketball?
Do they have a big house?
Does he know the answer?
Do we study English?